Reconstrucción de válvula aórtica con pericardio autólogo según técnica de Ozaki / Reconstruction of aortic valve using Ozaki technique. Report of two cases

Prosthetic valve replacement is the standard treatment for aortic valvulopathy. Due to the structural valve deterioration of biological prosthesis and the anticoagulation requirements of mechanical valves, the repair of aortic valve disease is receiving more attention in recent years. The Ozaki technique consists in the reconstruction of a trileaflet valve using autologous pericardium. We report our first two cases of successful reconstruction of the aortic valve using this technique with 12-month echocardiographic and 24-month clinical follow up.

Tricuspid valve repair with autologous pericardium in a patient with infective endocarditis

Abstract Infective endocarditis is a rather uncommon disease, but it has significant mortality rates in the pediatric population (5% to 10%). We report a case of an infant patient with multiple vegetation in the tricuspid valve secondary to infective endocarditis caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. A tricuspid valvuloplasty was performed with a fenestrated autologous pericardium patch, providing satisfactory outcomes. This technique is simple, innovative, effective, and it could be applied in similar cases.

Mortality rates of surgical techniques for correcting atrioventricular disjunction

Abstract We compared the mortality rates of two surgical techniques for correction of atrioventricular disjunction in 10 out of 720 patients who underwent mitral valve replacement from 2005 to 2012. In group I, the mitral annulus was fixed with bovine pericardial strips; in group II, a 'patch' of bovine pericardium was sutured and extended from the base of the lateral and medial papillary muscles, covered the posterior wall of the left ventricle, went through the posterior mitral annulus, and ended in the posterior wall of the left atrium adjacent to the mitral ring. The group II technique showed a lower mortality.

Transaneurysmal R=repair of a giant calcified submitral left ventricular aneurysm

Abstract Submitral left ventricular aneurysm is a rare cardiac pathology with very few cases reported in the literature. These are nonischemic aneurysms mostly reported from Africa. Patients with submitral aneurysm exhibit varied clinical manifestations. We report a case of calcified submitral aneurysm and its successful surgical management through a transaneurysmal approach.

Gasparyan method of total autologous reconstruction of the aortic valve

Abstract In this case report, I describe a new technique for total reconstruction of the aortic valve with autologous pericardium. The parameters of the cusps were calculated using very simple formulas after measurement of the aortic root intercommissural distances. Glutaraldehyde-treated pericardium was trimmed along the marked line, leaving 2 mm of tissue along the fibrous annulus attachment margin for the suture and small wings on both commissural margins to secure the commissural coaptation between right and noncoronary cusps. The annular margin of each pericardial cusp was sutured to the corresponding fibrous annulus with running 4/0 polypropylene suture. The commissures of pericardial patch and the commissural coaptation between right and noncoronary cusps were secured with mattress 4/0 polypropylene sutures. The coaptation of the three cusps was checked with negative pressure on the left ventricular vent before closure of the aortotomy. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiogram revealed a peak pressure gradient of 10 mmHg and trivial aortic regurgitation.

Immediate outcomes of aortic valve neocuspidization with glutaraldehyde-treated autologous pericardium: a multicenter study

Abstract Objective: To determine the feasibility of aortic valve neocuspidization (AVNeo) with glutaraldehyde-treated autologous pericardium. Methods: One hundred and seventy (170) AVNeo (84 males/86 females) were performed from January 2017 through March 2019 in three centers. All the records were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed. Results: Most of the patients were older than 60 years and over 95% were operated for aortic stenosis. Preoperatively, pressure gradients were 69.9±21.3 mmHg for patients with aortic stenosis, and the surgical annular diameter was 21.0±2.0 mm for all patients. Effective orifice area (EOA) and indexed EOA (iEOA) averaged 0.7±0.3 cm2 and 0.4±0.2 cm2/m2 for patients with aortic stenosis before surgery, respectively. There was no conversion to prosthetic aortic valve replacement. Eight patients needed reoperation for bleeding, but no patient needed reoperation due to early infective endocarditis. There were five in-hospital deaths due to noncardiac cause. Compared to preoperative echocardiographic measurements, postoperative peak pressure gradient decreased significantly (-58.7±1.7 mmHg; P<0.001) and reached 11.2±5.6 mmHg, and mean pressure gradient also decreased significantly (-36.8±1.1 mmHg; P<0.001) and reached 6.0±3.5 mmHg. Accordingly, EOA and iEOA increased significantly 2.0 cm2 and 1.0 cm2/m2 (both P<0.001) to reach 2.7±0.6 cm2 and 1.4±0.3 cm2/m2 after surgery, respectively, with minimal significant aortic regurgitation (0.6% > mild). Conclusion: AVNeo is feasible and reproducible with good clinical results. Hemodynamically, AVNeo produces immediate postoperative low-pressure gradients, large EOA, and minimal regurgitation of the aortic valve. Further studies are necessary to evaluate mid- and long-term evolution.

Endocarditis infecciosa en válvula tricúspide: Presentación clínica y evolución en paciente sin factores de riesgo clásicos. Endocarditis infecciosa tricuspídea: a propósito de un caso / Infective endocarditis in the tricuspid valve: Clinical presentation and evolution in patient without classic risk factors. Tricuspid infectious endocarditis: a case report

Infective endocarditis (IE) correspond to a serious condition of the endocardium, with clinical and classic risk factors. Heart failure is described as the main complication and cause of mortality. A 58-year-old diabetic female patient, with fever, weight loss and history of 10 months of fatigue, is presented below. She is hospitalized in Hospital Regional de Talca, in Medicine Service, where she is diagnosed of right IE by blood cultures (Streptococcus Sanguis) and transthoracic echocardiogram, that showed vegetations in the tricuspid valve and severe insufficiency. Without clinical improvement despite antibiotic treatment, echocardiography is repeated, showing persistence of vegetations and insufficiency, so that surgical resolution is decided, taking place in Hospital Gustavo Grant Benavente Concepción, with clinical recovery after surgery. It highlights a classic and larval presentation of the disease, but without classic risk factors for right IE, also associated with glomerulonephritis. The antibiotic eliminated bacteremia, but the valve damage was already established.

Aortic valve neocuspidization with glutaraldehyde-treated autologous pericardium (ozaki procedure) - a promising surgical technique

Abstract In cases of aortic valve disease, prosthetic valves have been increasingly used for valve replacement, however, there are inherent problems with prostheses, and their quality in the so-called Third World countries is lower in comparison to new-generation models, which leads to shorter durability. Recently, transcatheter aortic valve replacement has been explored as a less invasive option for patients with high-risk surgical profile. In this scenario, aortic valve neocuspidization (AVNeo) has emerged as another option, which can be applied to a wide spectrum of aortic valve diseases. Despite the promising results, this procedure is not widely spread among cardiac surgeons yet. Spurred on by the last publications, we went on to write an overview of the current practice of state-of-the-art AVNeo and its results.

Bovine pericardial patch augmentation of one insufficient aortic valve cusp with twenty-three-year positive clinical follow-up independent of the patch degeneration

Abstract Scientific progress shall ultimately boost the current acceptance level for conservative aortic valve surgery. The present text aimed to report the 23-year long-term follow-up of one patient operated with bovine pericardium cusp extension. Growing confidence in the efficacy of the operation will allow a more expeditious indication for surgical treatment, as is already the case in mitral valve repair. This change of attitude will certainly make it possible for patients to be sent for operation in mild aortic valve regurgitation. The present report reinforces the concept and highlights the impression that the aortic valvoplasty, independent of the progressive bovine pericardium degeneration, may positively change the natural history of the aortic valve insufficiency.

Laparoscopic diaphragmatic hernioplasty in a dog / Hernioplastia diafragmática laparoscópica em cão

A diaphragmatic hernia is characterized by the passage of the abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity, which may be congenital or acquired. Its treatment is achieved by surgical correction. When there is no tissue or in cases of herniation with a chronic disease, the use biological or synthetic implants is recommended. The objective of this study was to report a technique of laparoscopic diaphragmatic hernia repair using bovine pericardium preserved in a canine, using three portal accesses. Due to the large diaphragmatic defect, reduction with the aid of a network of preserved bovine pericardium in formaldehyde 4% was chosen. The mesh was sutured to the transversus abdominus muscle in two layers. The first layer was sutured using simple continuous pattern, and the second one using simple interrupted sutures. The patient collapsed and died 24 hours postoperatively. However, the purposed technique was feasible...

A hérnia diafragmática é caracterizada pela passagem das vísceras abdominais para a cavidade torácica, podendo ser de origem congênita ou adquirida, que exige o tratamento cirúrgico. Quando houver ausência de tecido ou em casos de herniação com evolução crônica, recomenda-se a utilização de implantes biológicos ou sintéticos. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar a técnica de herniorrafia diafragmática laparoscópica com o uso de pericárdio bovino conservado em um canino, a partir do acesso laparoscópico com três portais. Devido ao grande defeito diafragmático, optou-se pela sua redução com o auxílio de implante de pericárdio bovino conservado em formaldeído a 4%, este fixado a musculatura diafragmática com sutura intracorpórea, utilizando para isso duas camadas de sutura ambas com náilon 0, a primeira contínua simples seguida de pontos isolados simples, em toda extensão da membrana conservada. Apesar do animal vir a óbito nas primeiras 24 horas do pós-operatório, a técnica adotada se mostrou viável...

Use of Bovine Pericardium and Sutureless Biological Glue in Left Ventricular Rupture After Mitral Valve Replacement, Five Years of Follow-up

ABSTRACT Rupture of the left ventricular wall after mitral valve replacement is an infrequent but lethal complication. Reporting correction technique of ventricular rupture with bovine pericardium patch secured with glue and without suturing: a 51 years-old female patient, with double rheumatic mitral lesion, severe stenosis and discrete insufficiency, who had a mitral valve replacement. During surgery, the patient presented a ventricular rupture of the posterior wall (atrioventricular disruption), which was successfully repaired using bovine pericardium with sutureless biological glue over the epicardium of the damaged area. Sixty months after surgery the patient has no symptoms.

Carotid endarterectomy in awake patients: safety, tolerability and results / Endarterectomia de carótida em pacientes acordados: segurança, tolerabilidade e resultados

Objective: To analyze the results of 125 carotid endarterectomies under loco-regional anesthesia, with selective use of shunt and bovine pericardium patch. Methods: One hundred and seventeen patients with stenosis ≥ 70% in the internal carotid artery on duplex-scan + arteriography or magnetic resonance angiography underwent 125 carotid endarterectomies. Intraoperative pharmacological cerebral protection included intravenous administration of alfentanil and dexametasone. Clopidogrel, aspirin and statins were used in all cases. Seventy-seven patients were males (65.8%). Mean age was 70.8 years, ranging from 48 to 88 years. Surgery was performed to treat symptomatic stenosis in 69 arteries (55.2%) and asymptomatic stenosis in 56 arteries (44.8%). Results: A carotid shunt was used in 3 cases (2.4%) due to signs and symptoms of cerebral ischemia after carotid artery clamping during the operation, and all 3 patients had a good outcome. Bovine pericardium patch was used in 71 arteries ≤ 6 mm in diameter (56.8%). Perioperative mortality was 0.8%: one patient died from a myocardial infarction. Two patients (1.6%) had minor ipsilateral strokes with good recovery, and 2 patients (1.6%) had non-fatal myocardial infarctions with good recovery. The mean follow-up period was 32 months. In the late postoperative period, there was restenosis in only three arteries (2.4%). Conclusion: Carotid artery endarterectomy can be safely performed in the awake patient, with low morbidity and mortality rates. .

Objetivo: Analisar os resultados de 125 endarterectomias carotídeas, realizadas sob anestesia loco-regional com uso seletivo de shunt e remendo de pericárdio bovino. Métodos: Cento e dezessete pacientes com estenose na artéria carótida interna ≥ 70% ao ecoDoppler colorido + arteriografia ou angiorressonância magnética foram submetidos a 125 endarterectomias carotídeas. As medidas de proteção farmacológica intraoperatória incluíam a administração endovenosa de alfentanil e dexametazona. Clopidogrel, aspirina e estatinas eram utilizadas em todos os casos. Setenta e sete pacientes eram do sexo masculino (65,8%). A idade média foi de 70,8 anos, variando de 48 a 88 anos. A operação foi indicada por estenose sintomática em 69 artérias (55,2%), e por estenose assintomática em 56 artérias (44,8%). Resultados: O shunt de carótida foi necessário em 3 casos (2,4%) devido a sintomas de isquemia cerebral após a colocação do clampe carotídeo durante o ato cirúrgico, e os três pacientes tiveram boa evolução. Remendo de pericárdio bovino foi utilizado em 71 artérias ≤ 6 mm de diâmetro (56,8%). A mortalidade perioperatória foi de 0,8%: um paciente faleceu devido a infarto agudo do miocárdio. Dois pacientes (1,6%) tiveram infartos cerebrais isquêmicos ipsilaterais menores com boa recuperação, e 2 pacientes (1,6%) tiveram infartos do miocárdio não-fatais com boa recuperação. O tempo médio de seguimento foi de 32 meses. No pós-operatório tardio, houve reestenose significativa em apenas três artérias (2,4%). Conclusão: A endarterectomia carotídea no paciente acordado é uma técnica segura, sendo realizada com baixas taxas de morbimortalidade. .

Use of autologous pericardium for mitral leaflet reconstruction in a child with endocarditis / Uso de pericárdio autólogo para reconstrução de folheto mitral em criança com endocardite

We present a case of successful repair of the mitral valve for active infective endocarditis. Mitral valve repair was performed through debridement of vegetation and abscess, resection and repair of the posterior mitral leaflet and posterior repair with autologous pericardium. Postoperative period was uneventfully, with no evidence of recurrent infection, and echocardiogram showed mitral valve competence with mild mitral regurgitation. We demonstrate that valve repair is a feasible choice in cases of active endocarditis in children.

Apresentamos um caso de reparo bem-sucedido da valva mitral decorrente de endocardite infecciosa ativa. Reparo da valva mitral foi acompanhado de desbridamento da vegetação e do abscesso, ressecção e plastia do folheto mitral posterior, e anuloplastia posterior com pericárdio autólogo. Pós-operatório sem evidências de infecção recorrente, e ecocardiograma demonstrou competência da valva mitral com regurgitação mitral trivial. Concluímos que o reparo valvar é uma escolha viável em caso de endocardite ativa nas crianças.

Correção da ruptura de cordas tendíneas na insuficiência mitral degenerativa pelo emprego de cordas padronizadas de pericárdio bovino / Surgical repair of chordae tendineae rupture after degenerative valvular regurgitation using standardized bovine pericardium

OBJETIVO: Avaliar, clinicamente e pelo ecodopplercardiograma, o funcionamento da valva mitral em 22 pacientes submetidos à correção do refluxo valvar com substituição das cordas tendíneas nativas por cordas padronizadas de pericárdio bovino. MÉTODOS: Os pacientes apresentavam insuficiência mitral degenerativa. Quatorze (63,6%) pacientes eram do gênero masculino e a idade variou de 19 a 76 anos (média 56,8±13,8 anos). As cordas de pericárdio bovino foram tratadas com glutaraldeído, com reforço de suas extremidades transversais formando um trapézio. RESULTADOS: Um (4,5%) paciente faleceu no pós-operatório imediato em síndrome de baixo débito cardíaco e três (13,6%) no pós-operatório tardio. Uma (4,5%) paciente foi reoperada. As curvas atuariais de sobrevivência livre de óbitos por causa cardiovascular e livres de reoperações para os pacientes que deixaram o hospital (21) demonstraram taxas de 82,0±9,8% e 83,9±10,4%, aos 70 meses de pós-operatório, respectivamente. Dezessete (77,3%) pacientes estão vivos com a própria valva. Dos 17 pacientes vivos com a própria valva 16 (94,1%) estão em classe funcional I. O ecodoppler pós-operatório (média de 41 meses; 4 a 70 meses) demonstrou ausência de regurgitação mitral em 11 (64,7%) pacientes e regurgitação discreta em cinco (29,4%). CONCLUSÃO: A técnica de implante de cordas padronizadas de pericárdio bovino para substituição de cordas tendíneas da valva mitral em pacientes com insuficiência mitral degenerativa demonstrou resultados bastante satisfatórios.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinically and by Doppler Echocardiography 22 patients submitted to mitral valve repair after valvular regurgitation using standardized bovine pericardium chordae. METHODS: The patients had degenerative mitral regurgitation. Fourteen (63.6%) patients were male and the age ranged from 19 to 76 years (mean 56.8 ± 13.8 years). The strings of bovine pericardium treated with glutaraldehyde were reinforced in its transverse ends forming a trapezoid. RESULTS: One patient (4.5%) died in the immediate postoperative period with in low cardiac output syndrome and three (13.6%) in the late postoperative period. One patient (4.5%) was reoperated. The actuarial curves for survival free of death from cardiovascular causes and free from reoperation for patients who left the hospital (21), showed rates of 82.0 ± 9.8% and 83.9 ± 10.4% at 70 months postoperatively, respectively. Seventeen patients (77.3%) are alive with native valves. Of the 17 patients alive with native valves 16 (94.1%) were in functional class I. The Doppler Echocardiography postoperatively (mean 41 months, 4-70 months), showed no mitral regurgitation in 11 (64.7%) patients and mild regurgitation in five (29.4%). CONCLUSION: The technique of standard cords of bovine pericardium implantation to replace chordae tendineae of the mitral valve in patients with degenerative mitral regurgitation showed satisfactory results.

Surgical application of fascia lata as a pericardial substitute in rabbits / Aplicação cirúrgica de fascia lata como substituto do pericárdio em coelhos

PURPOSE: To use fascia lata instead of pericardium and observe the presence of adhesions. METHODS: Twenty rabbits were divided into two group of ten. In group A, a 1×1 cm segment of pericardium was excised and resutured. In group B excised pericardium was substituted for autologous fascia lata. RESULTS: In the comparison of microscopic adhesion rate between two groups A, B after eight weeks, there was no significant statistical difference. CONCLUSION: Fascia lata is safe and it can be substituted for pericardium especially in repeat sternotomy in repairing congenital heart defects to avoid heart injury.

OBJETIVO: Utilizar fascia lata em vez de pericárdio e observar a presencça de aderências. MÉTODOS: Vinte coelhos foram distribuidos em dois grupos de dez. No grupo A, um 1×1 cm de segmento de pericárdio foi retirado e resuturado. No grupo B pericárdio retirado foi substituído por fáscia lata autóloga. RESULTADOS: Na comparação da taxa de aderência microscópica entre dois grupos A, B, após oito semanas, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante. CONCLUSÃO: A fascia lata é segura e pode ser substituta do pericárdio, especialmente em nova esternotomia na reparação de defeitos cardíacos congênitos para evitar lesão cardíaca.

Autotrasplante cardiaco en el tratamiento quirúrgico de tumores cardiacos primarios: Caso clínico / Heart autotrasplantation for the treatment of a rhabdomyosarcoma of the left ventricle: Report of one case

Background: Heart autotrasplantation is an exceptional surgical technique used in the treatment of uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmias and primary unresectable cardiac tumors. We report a 28-year-old male with a rhabdomyosarcoma of the left ventricle, localized in the lateral and posterior wall, which involved the mitral valve and circumflex artery. After a complete study ruling out dissemination of the tumor, the patient was operated. Surgical exploration determined the unresectabilility of the tumor with the heart in situ. Therefore, the heart was explanted, preserving the right atrium and coronary sinus for re-implantation. Fifty percent of the mitral valve and the circumflex artery from its origin, were resected due to tumor infiltration. The heart was reconstructed with bovine pericardium and a mechanical valve was implanted in the mitral position. Afterward, the heart was implanted again following the same sequence as in bicaval transplantation, followed by a double bypass grafting to the distal circumflex territory. The patient had no significant complications and after nine months of follow up, there was no evidence of local recurrence. In the fourth postoperative month, a subcutaneous mass in the left thigh that was considered a metastasis without histological confirmation appeared. The lesion disappeared with radio and chemotherapy.

Efeito da descelularização com SDS na prevenção da calcificação em pericárdio bovino fixado em glutaraldeído: estudo em ratos / Effect of SDS-based decelullarization in the prevention of calcification in glutaraldehyde-preserved bovine pericardium: study in rats

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a descelularização com SDS como tratamento anticalcificante em pericárdio bovino fixado em glutaraldeído. MÉTODOS: Peças de 0,5 cm² foram implantadas em modelo subcutâneo de 18 ratos por até 90 dias. Foram formados quatro grupos: grupo GDA: pericárdio fixado em glutaraldeído 0,5% (GDA), grupo GDA-GL: pericárdio fixado em GDA + ácido glutâmico (GL) 0,2%, grupo D-GDA: pericárdio descelularizado (D) com SDS 0,1% e fixado em GDA e grupo D-GDA-GL: pericárdio descelularizado + GDA + ácido glutâmico 0,2%. Cada animal recebeu enxertos dos quatro grupos. Os explantes foram realizados com 45 e 90 dias. As avaliações foram: análise histológica com as colorações hematoxilina-eosina e alizarina-red, análise morfométrica e quantificação de cálcio por espectrometria de absorção atômica. RESULTADOS: O padrão de infiltrado inflamatório foi o mesmo nos quatro grupos, sendo mais intenso nos grupos GDA e GDA-GL aos 45 dias, ficando mais evidente aos 90 dias. O conteúdo de cálcio aos 45 dias foi de 32,52 ± 3,19 µg/ mg no grupo GDA; 22,12 ± 3,87 µg/mg no grupo GDA-GL; 1,06 ± 0,38 µg/mg no grupo D-GDA e 3,99 ± 5,78 µg/mg no grupo D-GDA-GL (P< 0,001). Aos 90 dias, foi de 65,91 ± 24,67 µg/mg no grupo GDA; 38,37 ± 13,79 µg/mg no grupo GDA-GL; 1,24 ± 0,99 µg/mg no grupo D-GDA e 30,54 ± 8,21 µg/mg no grupo D-GDA-GL (P< 0,001). O grupo D-GDA foi o único que não apresentou progressão da calcificação de 45 para 90 dias (P=0,314). CONCLUSÃO: A descelularização com SDS reduziu o processo inflamatório e inibiu a calcificação em pericárdio bovino implantado em modelo subcutâneo de ratos até 90 dias.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of study was to investigate the SDS-based decellularization process as an anticalcification method in glutaraldehyde-preserved bovine pericardium in subcutaneous rat model. METHODS: Pericardium samples with 0.5 cm² area were divide in four groups: group GDA: 0.5% glutaraldehydepreserved pericardium (GDA); group GDA-GL: GDA + 0.2% glutamic acid (GL); group D-GDA: decellularized (D) pericardium with 0.1% SDS + GDA and group D-GDA-GL: decellularized pericardium + GDA + 0.2% glutamic acid. After this samples were implanted in 18 rats in subcutaneous position till 90 days. Each animal received samples of the four groups. The explants were performed at 45 and 90 days. The explants were subjected to histology in glass slides stained with hematoxilin-eosin and alizarin red, morphometry evaluation and the calcium content was measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. RESULTS: The inflammatory infiltrate was the same in all groups, however more intense in GDA and GDA-GL groups in 45 days, increasing at 90 days. The calcium contents for 45 days were: 32.52 ± 3.19 µg/mg in GDA group; 22.12 ± 3.87 µg/ mg in GDA-GL group; 1.06 ± 0.38 µg/mg in D-GDA group and 3.99 ± 5.78 µg/mg in D-GDA-GL (P< 0.001). For 90 days were 65.91 ± 24.67 µg/mg in GDA group; 38.37 ± 13.79 µg/mg in GDA-GL group; 1.24 ± 0.99 µg/mg in D-GDA group and 30.54 ± 8.21 µg/mg in D-GDA-GL (P< 0.001). Only D-GDA did not show increase rates of calcium at 45 to 90 days (P=0.314). CONCLUSION: SDS-based decellularization process reduced the inflammatory intensity and calcification in bovine pericardium in subcutaneous rat model for 90 days.

Avaliação do tratamento cirúrgico da hérnia perineal em cães com o reforço de membrana de pericárdio equino preservado em glicerina a 98 / Evaluation of perineal hernia surgical treatment in dogs with the reinforcement of equine pericardium preserved in glycerine 98

A utilização de membrana biológica constitui-se método alternativo na reparação de hérnia perineal, e avaliar suaeficiência como reforço após a herniorrafia pela técnica de elevação do músculo obturador interno consiste no objetivodeste trabalho. Para tanto, utilizaram-se dez cães atendidos no Serviço de Cirurgia de Pequenos Animais do HospitalVeterinário da FMVZ/USP. Os animais foram distribuídos em dois grupos, GI e GII, com cinco representantes em cadaum. A hérnia perineal foi corrigida pela técnica de elevação do músculo obturador interno em ambos os grupos, sendoque o grupo GII ganhou reforço no diafragma pélvico com enxerto de retalho de pericárdio equino Puro Sangue Inglês,conservado em glicerina a 98%. Os animais foram avaliados por até 90 dias de pós-operatório, mediante análises clínica,ultrassonográfica e radiográfica da região perineal. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que houve reforço no local daherniorrafia ao se fixar o pericárdio de equino conservado em glicerina a 98%, diminuindo a ocorrência de deiscênciade pontos e ruptura do diafragma operado

The use of biological membrane constitutes an alternative method to repair perineal hernia, and evaluate its performanceas a reinforcement after herniorrhaphy by of raising internal obturator muscle was the goal of this study. Ten dogsadmitted at the Department of Small Animal Surgery Veterinary Hospital of FMVZ / USP were included. Animalswere equally divided into two groups, GI and GII. Perineal hernia was corrected by the elevating the internal obturatormuscle in both groups, but in group GII won the strengthening of the pelvic diaphragm flap of equine pericardiumpure English Thoroughbred, preserved in glycerol to 98%. The animals were evaluated until 90 days post-operativelyby clinical examination, ultrasound and radiographic images of the perineal region. The results showed that therewere enhanced at the site of the hernia with equine pericardium preserved in glycerol 98%, reducing the occurrence ofdehiscence points and rupture of the diaphragm operated

Tratamento cirúrgico da estenose do túnel das veias pulmonares após Senning modificado / Surgical treatment of pulmonary venous baffle obstruction after modified Senning procedure

Paciente de 13 anos de idade, sexo masculino, submetido à correção de estenose de túnel das veias pulmonares (ETVP) após cirurgia de Senning modificada realizada aos 5 meses. O quadro clínico era de congestão pulmonar e broncopneumonias de repetição e o ecocardiograma confirmou ETVP. Uma angioplastia com balão foi realizada previamente à correção cirúrgica com circulação extracorpórea. A placa de pericárdio bovino empregada para ampliação do átrio direito retraiu-se e calcificou, levando a ETVP. A placa foi removida e o átrio direito foi ampliado com um retalho de politetrafluoretileno. O ecocardiograma transesofágico intraoperatório demonstrou redução significativa da estenose.

A 13-year-old male was admitted to undergoing correction of a pulmonary venous baffle stenosis (PVBS) after a modified Senning procedure was performed by the age of five months. Recurrent Pulmonary congestion and pneumonia episodes were followed by echocardiography and cardiac catheterization that confirmed PVBS. Previous catheter balloon angioplasty was attempted, and a surgical revision was done under cardiopulmonary bypass. The bovine pericardial patch used for augmentation of the right atrium, retracted and calcified producing PVBS. Stenotic area was excised and enlargement was done with polytetrafluoroethylene membrane. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiogram showed relief of stenosis.

Análise do comportamento hemodinâmico de conduto valvado de pericárdio bovino, implantado em posição aórtica de ovinos / Analysis of hemodynamic performance of the bovine pericardium valved conduit, implanted in the aortic position in ovines

OBJETIVOS: A necessidade de substituição da valva, aorta ascendente e reimplante coronariano em pacientes onde a anticoagulação é indesejável, é crescente. Avaliamos em animais o comportamento hemodinâmico de um conduto valvado aórtico feito com pericárdio bovino tratado pelo glutaraldeído (CVAP). MÉTODOS: Para isto, implantamos CVAPs em oito ovinos e os explantamos após 150 dias de pós-operatório. Realizouse estudo angiográfico e hemodinâmico no pré-operatório e antes do explante. EcoDopplercardiogramas foram realizados nos dias 30 e 150 de pós-operatório (teste) e também em cinco ovinos não operados. Após explantados, submetemos os CVAPs à avaliação macroscópica, radiológica e histológica por microscopia óptica. RESULTADOS: Na análise hemodinâmica, as pressões arterial e capilar pulmonar aumentaram (P<0,05) entre os dias 0 e 150. Na análise ecoDopplercardiográfica, o grupo teste apresentou incremento dos diâmetros diastólicos e sistólicos do ventrículo esquerdo (P<0,05). O grupo teste entre os dias 30 e 150 aumentou: peso, espessura das paredes do ventrículo esquerdo, gradiente transvalvar máximo, gradiente transvalvar médio, diâmetro diastólico do ventrículo esquerdo e decréscimo da fração de ejeção (P<0,05). Dois animais com endocardite explicam essas diferenças, tal como demonstrado na análise estatística realizada sem a presença desses animais. A macroscopia demonstrou calcificação de grau variável. A microscopia óptica demonstrou similaridade com a literatura quanto ao uso do pericárdio bovino tratado pelo glutaraldeído. CONCLUSÕES: Estes dados indicam que o CVAP permite a realização desse tipo de experimento no modelo proposto e que os resultados hemodinâmicos encontrados se assemelham aos parâmetros fisiológicos.

OBJECTIVE: The necessity for replacement of the valve, ascending aorta and aortic with coronary reimplantation in patients where anti-coagulation is undesirable, is increasing. We evaluated the hemodynamic performance of an aortic valved conduit made with glutaraldehyde treated bovine pericardium (AVCP) in animals. METHODS: Therefore, AVCPs were implanted in eight young ovine and explanted after 150 days. Angiographic and hemodynamic study was performed at pre-operative and prior the explant. EchoDopplercardiograms were performed at day 30 and 150 of post-operative (test) and also in five nonoperated ovines. After explanted, AVCPs were submitted to a macroscopical, radiological and histological evaluation by optic microscopy. RESULTS: In the hemodynamic analysis the arterial and pulmonary capillary pressure increased (P<0.05) between day 0 and 150. In the echoDoppercardiographic analysis, the test group presented higher values in the diastolic and systolic diameters of the left ventricle (P<0.05). In the test group, between day 30 and 150, occurred an increase of weight, thickness of the left ventricle walls, maximum transvalvar gradient, medium transvalvar gradient, left ventricle diastolic diameter and a decrease in the ejection function (P<0.05). Two animals with endocarditis explain those differences, how we can see with the statistycal analysis without this sample. Macroscopy showed calcification in variable degrees. Optic microscopy revealed data similar to literature with the use of glutaraldehyde treated bovine pericadium. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that the AVCPs allows the performance of this kind of experiment in the proposed model and that the hemodynamic outcomes found are similar to physiological parameters.